The first description of the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) took place in
1985 (STEIN et al., 1985). It is a high malignant T-cell neoplasm with predominant
nodular- or extranodular types (DIEBOLD, 2001).
Some of these lymphomas have a chromosomal translocation, which results in a
fusion of nucleophosmin (NPM) and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). The
resulting protein (p80) is responsible for the pathogenesis and relevant for
diagnose and therapy. The so-called NPM-ALK positive ALCL is mainly found in
young adolescence (FALINI et al., 2009).
The treatment of patients with ALCL is based on the same chemotherapeutics
(CHOP-based regimens) as used for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. About
80% of the children and 60% of the adults suffering from ALK positive lymphomas
are cured by this therapy (FALINI et al., 1999).
However, there is a novel therapy approach for healing this kind of lymphoma.
Scientists from the medical university of Vienna found that there exists an
overexpression of the PDGFR-ß in murine and also in human NPM-ALK positive
ALCL.